INDIAN RAILWAYS: INDAIN RAILWAYS HISTORY

INDAIN RAILWAYS HISTORY

The history of Indian Railways dates back to 1853, when the first train ran between Mumbai and Thane. It was established as a department under the British colonial government and continued to grow, connecting different parts of the country with an expansive network of trains and tracks.

After India's independence in 1947, Indian Railways was nationalized and became a state-owned enterprise. Today, it is one of the largest rail networks in the world, spanning over 115,000 km of track and employing over a million people. Despite facing several challenges such as limited infrastructure and funding, Indian Railways continues to play a crucial role in India's economic development and transportation needs.

Scheme of presentation

 History of rail roads

 Evolution of IR

 Organizational structure and management

 Staffing pattern

 Management of staff

– Welfare activities

History of Rail roads

 1550 AD – – Roads of rails called wagon ways used in Germany wooden rails, horse drawn carriages  1776 AD – Rails now of metal. Wheels metal called tram ways horse drawn-spread all over Europe  1789AD – William Jessop- invented the flanged wheel  1803 AD – Steam engine built by Richard trevethick

RAILROADS –feasible due to invention of steam engine

– 1789- first flanged wheels designed –Jessop

– 1804 –first tramway steam engine built and used –R.Trevithick – 1825-Stockton and Darlington railways functional – 1814-George Stephenson –built first rail engine – 1826- john Stevens- first American railroad – 1857 –first sleeping car built –Pullman – 1869-george Westinghouse –invention of air brakes – 1970’s –high speed technology

HISTORY OF RAILRODSINDIA

– 1832 first proposed in madras—bangalore

– 1836-survey carried out

– 1840- lord Hardinge decides to support building of railways—irrespective of commercial viability

– 1845-two companies EIR and GIPR operating

– Dec 22 185

History of railroads in India

 The British government encouraged the setting up of railways by private investors under a scheme that would guarantee an annual return of 5% during the initial years of operation. Once completed, the company would be passed under government ownership, but would be operated by the company that built them.

 1862-Howrah –benaras

 1870- East and west network linked –6400 kms and 95 million pounds investment

History of railroads –India

 By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about 14,500 km (9,000 miles), mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to help build the ugandan railways .

 In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned company. The network spread to modern day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and soon various independent kingdoms began to have their own rail systems.

 1901 –railway board constituted

 1907 –most companies taken over by government—first electric locomotive

 1914-1918—impact of world war I

 1920– 61000 kms network—independent railway budget

 1940-44—impact of second world war

History of IR –pre independence

 IRCA

– The Indian Railway Conference Association came into existence in the year 1902. AT that time railway network in India consisted of 19 privately owned separate railways systems covering a total of 8,475 miles. Each company had formulated its own rules and regulations regarding charging, booking and carriage of Passengers and Goods. Due to multiplicity of rules the user was very much inconvenienced. With a view to overcome the difficulties in regard to different rules and regulations and to frame rules regarding movement of wagons of one railway system over the other, the Indian Railway Conference Association was formed in the year 1902. Initially the Association was constituted to frame rules and regulations for booking of traffic and interchange of trains between railways, to act as a consultative Committee and as a Board of Arbitration. Subsequently the Committees for prescribing common standards for wagon maintenance and Classification were formed and by 1926 it was decided to have permanent Committees and Technical sections covering all spheres of Railway working under IRCA.

History of IR –post independence

 1946 –all company railways taken over by government. 40% railways in Pakistan

 42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways); 55000 KMS—Multi gauge

 1951- reorganization and merger of all company railways—6 Zones

 1952—BG standard, indigenous production units; electrification

 1986-steam phased out

 Metro built in Calcutta

 1998-konkan railway built

Some company railways

 BBCI—

– The Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway (BB&CI) was a company incorporated in 1855 to undertake the task of constructing a railway line between Bombay and Vadodara in India. BB&CI completed the work in 1864. The first suburban railway in India was started by BB&CI started between Virar and Colaba, a station in Bombay Backbay in the 1867.

– The Colaba-Borivali section (37.8 km) was eletrified on 5 January, 1928 on the 1.5 kV DC system.

– 1936– electrification of churchgate-virar

– On 5 November 1951 the Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway was merged with the Saurashtra, Rajputana and Jaipur railways to give rise to the Western Railway.

Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway

 The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway was a railway company that operated in southern India. It was founded on January 1, 1908, by merging the Madras and the southern mahratta railways. Initially, its headquarters was at Royapuram in Madras but later shifted to a newly constructed building at Egmore, which was inaugurated on December 11, 1922. On April 1, 1944, its management was taken over directly by the Government of India.

[1] On 14 April, 1951, the Madras and South Mahratta Railway, the South indian railway and the mysore state railway were merged together to form the Southern Railway, one of the 16 zones of the Indian Railways.